Formulated by experts, built on scientific research, and made without additives.
Every Nullure product uses ingredients sourced from trusted partners, is third-party tested in Germany for purity and carefully manufactured in small batches in Spain funder strict EU GMP standards.
PEA Supplement
+ Supports a healthy immune system
+ Helps in managing pain and muscle strength recovery
+ Supports brain health and cognitive function
Supplement Facts per daily serving (3 capsules):
Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA)___1200mg
Take 1 capsule 3 times daily, preferably together with food.
• Third-Party Testing:
Every batch of PEA is independently tested by a third-party laboratory for microbiological contaminants, yeast, and moulds, and verified GMO-free. In addition, PEA undergoes annual independent testing with AGROLAB LUFA for purity beyond industry standards, including heavy metals, trace elements and microbiology.
• Certifications:
PEA is certified by the Vegan Society.
Gluten-Free · Allergen-Free · Made Without Additives.
Pain Management
A 2023 systematic review and meta-analysis (774 individuals) concluded that PEA is effective in treating chronic pain. (1)
A 2017 meta-analysis concluded that PEA may be beneficial for pain reduction across a variety of pain-related conditions. (2)
PEA supplementation together with polydatin (a resveratrol precursor) was associated with improved abdominal pain scores and remission rates in individuals with diagnosed IBS. (3,4)
600mg of PEA was associated with an improvement in migraine pain and duration in a randomized controlled trial with 80 participants. (5)
600mg of PEA supplementation was associated with reduced neuropathic pain, reduced inflammation and better sleep quality in individuals with type 1 and type 2 diabetes. (6)
600 mg of PEA was effective in reducing chronic lower back pain (sciatica) (7)
600mg of PEA was associated with reduced pain, other inflammation-related symptoms and anxiety in 111 patients with osteoarthritis. (8)
1200mg of PEA significantly reduced pain scores in a randomized clinical trial conducted on 60 individuals suffering from post-extraction neuropathy (chronic nerve pain after tooth removal). (9)
Allergy Management
Supplementing with 350mg of PEA over a 2-week period resulted in a reduction of allergic symptoms and plasma histamine levels in individuals with seasonal allergic rhinitis (hay fever). (10)
Muscle Strength and Hyperthrophy
300mg of PEA combined with 8 weeks of strength training did not interfere with hypertrophy gains and resulted in improved lower body muscle strength and power in young and healthy active individuals and as such is a better pain management alternative than non-steroidal analgesics (Ibuprofen). (12)
Immune Enhancement
1200 mg of PEA over 4 weeks was associated with reduced inflammation in a population of non-vaccinated COVID-19 patients. (13)
600mg of PEA was associated with reduced duration and severity of symptoms in individuals with upper respiratory tract infections. (14)
Brain Function
Supplementing 700mg of PEA for 6 weeks in a population of 39 university students resulted in increased BDNF and better memory performance. (11)
Reference link
1. Lang-Illievich K, Klivinyi C, Lasser C, Brenna C, Szilagyi I, Bornemann-Cimenti H. Palmitoylethanolamide in the Treatment of Chronic Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trials. Nutrients. 2023 Mar; 16(6): 1350.
2. Artikoglu B, Beyer C, Zuloff-Shani A, Brener E, Bloch M. Efficacy of Palmitoylethanolamide for Pain: A Meta-Analysis. Pain Phys. 2017 Jul; 20(5): 353-362.
3. Di Nardo G, Bernardo L, Cremon C, Barbara G, Felici E, Evangelisti M, et al. Palmitoylethanolamide and polydatin in pediatric irritable bowel syndrome: A multicentric randomized controlled trial. Nutrition. 2024 Jun; 122: 112397.
4. Cremon C, Stanghellini V, et al. Randomised clinical trial: the analgesic properties of dietary supplementation with palmitoylethanolamide and polydatin in irritable bowel syndrome. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2017 Apr; 45(7): 909-922.
5. Briskey D, Skinner R, Smith C, Rao A. Effectiveness of PE (Levagen+) Compared to a Placebo for Reducing Pain, Duration, and Medication Use during Migraines in Otherwise Healthy Participants-A Double-Blind Randomised Controlled Study. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2024 Jan; 17(2): 145.
6. Pickering E, Steels E, Steadman K, Rao A, Vitetta L. A randomized controlled trial assessing the safety and efficacy of palmitoylethanolamide for treating diabetic-related peripheral neuropathic pain. Inflammopharmacology. 2022 Dec; 30(6): 2063-2077.
7. Cruccu G, Di Stefano G, Marchettini P, Truini A. Micronized Palmitoylethanolamide: A Post Hoc Analysis of a Controlled Study in Patients with Low Back Pain – Sciatica. CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets. 2019 Aug; 18(6): 491-495.
8. Steels E, Vankatesh R, Steels E, Vitetta G, Vitetta L. A double-blind randomized placebo controlled study assessing safety, tolerability and efficacy of palmitoylethanolamide for symptoms of knee osteoarthritis. Inflammopharmacology. 2019 Jun; 27(3): 475-485.
9. Shekhar A, Srivastava A, Verma N, Verma A, Chaturvedi T. The Comparative Efficacy of Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) With the Combination of Pregabalin and Nortriptyline on Post-extraction Trigeminal Neuropathy by Using Magnetic Resonance (MR) Neurography: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Cureus. 2024 Feb; 16(2): e54843.
10. Briskey D, Ebelt P, Rao A. The Effect of Levagen+ (Palmitoylethanolamide) Supplementation on Symptoms of Allergic Rhinitis—A Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial. Nutrients. 2023 Nov; 15(23): 4940.
11. Kim N, Parolin B, Renshaw D, Deb S, Zariwala M. Formulated Palmitoylethanolamide Supplementation Improves Parameters of Cognitive Function and BDNF Levels in Young, Healthy Adults: A Randomised Cross-Over Trial. Nutrients. 2024 Feb; 16(4): 489.
12. Huschtscha Z, Silver J, Gerhardy M, Urwin C, Kenney N, Le V, et al. The Effect of Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) on Skeletal Muscle Hypertrophy, Strength, and Power in Response to Resistance Training in Healthy Active Adults: A Double-Blind Randomized Control Trial. Sports Med Open. 2024 Jun; 10: 66.
13. Fessler S, Liu L, Chang Y, Yip T, Johnston C. Palmitoylethanolamide Reduces Proinflammatory Markers in Unvaccinated Adults Recently Diagnosed with COVID-19: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Nutr. 2022 Oct; 152(10): 2218-2226.
14. Rao A, Skinner R, Briskey D. The Efficacy of Palmitoylethanolamide (Levagen+) on the Incidence and Symptoms of Upper Respiratory Tract Infection-A Double Blind, Randomised, Placebo-Controlled Trial. Nutrients. 2023 Oct; 15(20): 4453.
Expert-Formulated
Third-Party Tested
No Additives
Trusted Ingredients
Made in Spain
Expert-Formulated
Third-Party Tested
No Additives
Trusted Ingredients
Made in Spain
Ingredients You Can Trust
Every formula is built on ingredients backed by human clinical studies, dosed at effective levels, and chosen for bioavailability — how well your body absorbs and uses them. Each ingredient is rigorously vetted and sourced from trusted partners who standardize and batch-test for potency, ensuring quality and real, consistent results.
Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA)
It's a fatty acid from the N-acetyl-ethanolamine family. It is a...
The formulas our customers come back to, month after month. Developed in-house by nutrition experts, dosed for real results, and tested beyond industry standards. Rooted in research, confirmed by the people who take them every day.
Junto con la gabapentina ha mejorado el nivel de dolor consiguiendo dejar el tramadol de lado
RV
Roberto V.
Verified Buyer
I recommend this product
Rated 5 out of 5 stars
3 days ago
Alivio gradual pero real
Llevo algo más de un mes tomándolo y lo que más he notado es que las molestias diarias han disminuido poco a poco. No es un efecto inmediato, pero siendo constante sí percibo una diferencia. Las cápsulas son fáciles de tomar y me gusta que la fórmula sea limpia.
L
Lauren
Verified Reviewer
I recommend this product
Rated 5 out of 5 stars
3 days ago
Worth sticking with
I’ve been taking this consistently for just over a month and the improvement has been gradual but noticeable. My joints feel less stiff in the mornings and overall discomfort has eased. It’s not an overnight fix, but it’s been worth the patience.
M
Maurice
Verified Buyer
I recommend this product
Rated 5 out of 5 stars
3 days ago
Spürbare Verbesserung
Ich nehme das PEA jetzt seit einigen Wochen und bin sehr zufrieden. Die Beschwerden sind zwar nicht komplett verschwunden, aber deutlich angenehmer geworden. Die Kapseln sind gut verträglich und lassen sich leicht einnehmen.
AM
Alyssa M.
Verified Buyer
I recommend this product
Rated 5 out of 5 stars
3 days ago
Buena opción para el dolor crónico
Lo compré para mi madre, que tiene fibromialgia. Después de varias semanas comenta que el dolor es más llevadero y que acaba el día con menos cansancio. El hecho de que no contenga gluten fue un punto importante para nosotros.
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The Nullure Journal
We write about health and wellness the way we formulate — starting from the research. Every article is written by qualified experts in nutrition, health, and human performance and based on peer-reviewed science. If you're curious about nutrition, supplements, and how your body works, the Nullure Journal might be just the thing for you.
There’s a strong connection between neuroinflammation and chronic diseases. Persistent brain inflammation contributes to neurodegenerative diseases like Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s, as well as mental health challenges such as depression and anxiety.
Conditions like diabetes and heart disease, which cause systemic inflammation, can also trigger brain inflammation, creating a harmful cycle. By reducing inflammation, we can support brain health and potentially prevent or slow chronic disease progression.
In this article, we delve into key aspects of these interconnected systems. Explore what neuroinflammation is, its link to chronic disease, and practical ways to manage it. Additionally, we’ll examine the gut-brain axis, highlighting how gut health affects mental wellness and discussing dietary and supplementary support for improved outcomes.
Why Neuroinflammation Matters and How to Manage It
What is Neuroinflammation?
Neuroinflammation refers to the immune system’s response within the central nervous system (CNS), particularly the brain and spinal cord. While inflammation is a natural mechanism to combat infections or injuries, chronic inflammation in the brain can lead to significant issues. It is driven by overactivation of microglia, the brain’s resident immune cells, which release inflammatory molecules such as cytokines and chemokines. (1, 2)
This prolonged inflammatory state disrupts the balance of brain health, impairing neuronal communication and damaging brain tissue. Over time, it can lead to cognitive health problems, including memory loss and a decline in mental sharpness. Understanding what neuroinflammation is and why it matters is crucial to mitigating its impact. (2)
Link Between Neuroinflammation and Chronic Disease
There’s a strong connection between neuroinflammation and chronic diseases. Research indicates that persistent brain inflammation is a contributing factor to neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases. It also exacerbates cognitive decline, depression, and anxiety, showcasing its far-reaching effects on mental and physical health. (3, 4, 5)
Chronic diseases, including diabetes, cardiovascular conditions, and autoimmune disorders, often involve systemic inflammation, which can spill over into the CNS. This bidirectional relationship highlights the importance of managing inflammation at both the systemic and neuronal levels. (3, 4)
Triggers of Neuroinflammation
Neuroinflammation can be triggered by various factors, many of which are linked to modern lifestyles. Understanding these causes and triggers of brain inflammation is critical for prevention and management.
Chronic Stress: Persistent stress overstimulates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, leading to elevated cortisol levels. Over time, this can activate microglia and contribute to brain inflammation. (6, 7)
Poor Diet: Diets high in refined sugars, trans fats, and processed foods promote systemic inflammation, which can cross into the brain. These foods that cause neuroinflammation often disrupt the gut microbiome, worsening the gut-brain connection. (8, 9)
Infections: Viral, bacterial, or fungal infections can spark an immune response in the central nervous system, leading to prolonged inflammation if not resolved. (10)
Environmental Toxins: Exposure to pollutants, heavy metals, and pesticides can induce oxidative stress and damage neurons, further fueling neuroinflammation symptoms. (11, 12)
Sleep Disorders: Poor sleep quality or chronic insomnia disrupts the brain’s natural detoxification process, allowing inflammatory compounds to accumulate. (13)
Chronic Diseases: Conditions like obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease often involve systemic inflammation that can exacerbate brain inflammation. (14, 15)
Practical Tips to Manage Neuroinflammation
Reducing neuroinflammation naturally involves lifestyle adjustments and targeted strategies. Here’s how we can take control:
Adopt an Anti-Inflammatory Diet: Focus on a diet for brain health rich in whole foods, such as leafy greens, berries, fatty fish, and nuts. These provide antioxidants and omega-3 fatty acids that combat inflammation. Avoid highly processed foods and excessive sugar. (16, 17)
Incorporate Anti-Inflammatory Supplements: Supplements like curcumin, omega-3 fatty acids, and saffron are known to reduce inflammation. Adding top supplements for reducing brain inflammation can support long-term cognitive health. (18, 19)
Prioritize Gut Health: Maintaining a balanced gut microbiome with probiotics for mental health and prebiotics can help reduce systemic and brain inflammation. A healthy gut fortifies the gut-brain connection, preventing inflammation from spreading to the brain. (20)
Manage Stress: Practicing mindfulness, meditation, or yoga can regulate the HPA axis and reduce cortisol levels. A calm mind supports better brain health and minimizes inflammation. (21)
Improve Sleep Hygiene: Ensure 7–9 hours of quality sleep each night. Deep sleep helps the brain clear waste products and inflammatory compounds. (22, 23)
Exercise Regularly: Moderate physical activity reduces systemic inflammation and improves blood flow to the brain, supporting both brain health and the vagus nerve for improved communication between the gut and brain. (24)
Limit Exposure to Toxins: Minimize contact with environmental pollutants and opt for organic foods when possible to reduce toxin-induced brain inflammation. (25)
The Gut-Brain Connection: A Deeper Dive
The gut-brain connection is a two-way communication network between the central nervous system and the gut, often referred to as the "second brain." This connection is vital for regulating mood, cognition, and overall mental health. Let’s explore the gut-brain axis and its profound impact on our well-being. (26)
Understanding the Gut-Brain Axis
The gut-brain axis is the bidirectional link between the gut and the brain, mediated by the vagus nerve, hormones, and the immune system. The gut houses trillions of microorganisms collectively known as the gut microbiome, which play a pivotal role in brain and cognitive health.
Vagus Nerve Communication: This nerve acts as a highway, transmitting signals between the gut and the brain. For example, inflammation in the gut can send stress signals to the brain, affecting mood and cognition. (27, 28)
Gut Microbiome’s Role: A balanced gut microbiome supports the production of neurotransmitters like serotonin and dopamine, which are crucial for emotional and mental stability. (29)
Leaky Gut and Inflammation: A compromised gut lining, often called "leaky gut," allows harmful substances to enter the bloodstream. This can trigger systemic inflammation, which ultimately affects brain health. (30, 31)
Understanding the gut-brain axis and its role in health is key to improving mental and physical resilience.
How Gut Health Affects Mental Health
A healthy gut is essential for maintaining a balanced mind. Here’s how:Supports Serotonin Production:
About 90-95% of serotonin, the "feel-good" hormone, is produced in the gut. An unhealthy gut can disrupt its production, contributing to anxiety and depression. (32, 33, 34, 35)
Reduces Systemic Inflammation: A healthy gut limits systemic inflammation, protecting the brain from inflammatory damage that can impair cognitive health and emotional regulation. (36, 37)
Regulates Stress Responses: A balanced gut microbiome helps regulate the HPA axis, minimizing stress responses and supporting the vagus nerve for better mental health. (33)
Protects Against Depression: Studies have shown a direct link between gut microbiome and depression, highlighting the need to prioritize gut health for mental wellness. (32, 38)
Top Dietary and Supplementary Support for Gut Health
To strengthen the gut-brain connection and promote mental well-being, consider these dietary and supplementary approaches:
Probiotics: Foods like yogurt, kefir, and fermented vegetables introduce beneficial bacteria to the gut. Adding probiotics for mental health can improve mood and reduce anxiety. (39, 40)
Prebiotics: Found in a variety of fiber-rich foods, such as fruits, vegetables, and legumes, prebiotics serve as nourishment for beneficial gut bacteria, fostering a healthy and robust microbiome. The more variety you get, the better for supporting your microbiome diversity. (41, 42)
Anti-Inflammatory Foods: Include foods rich in omega-3 fatty acids (e.g., salmon, walnuts) and polyphenols (e.g., berries, green tea) to reduce inflammation and protect both gut and brain health. (17, 43)
Gut Health Supplements: Supplements such as L-glutamine, zinc, and digestive enzymes repair the gut lining and support a healthy microbiome, enhancing the gut-brain axis. (44, 45)
Targeted Herbal Supplements: Certain herbs and natural extracts can play a significant role in supporting the gut-brain connection. For example ashwagandha helps regulate stress by balancing cortisol levels, reducing inflammation, and improving gut resilience to stress. Rhodiola Rosea enhances serotonin production, reduces fatigue, and supports mental resilience, positively influencing the gut-brain axis. (45, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51)
Hydration: Staying hydrated aids digestion and supports a healthy gut lining. (52)Limit Trigger Foods: Avoid foods high in sugar, trans fats, and artificial additives, which disrupt the microbiome and contribute to leaky gut. (53, 54)
By adopting these strategies, we can nurture the gut-brain connection and foster better mental health, resilience, and cognitive performance.
Nullure's Suggestion for Supporting Brain and Gut Health:
To further enhance your brain and gut health, we recommend the following Nullure products:
Memory-Focus-Nootropic: Our Memory & Focus supplement is formulated to boost cognitive performance through a powerful blend of ingredients like Cognizin, Ginseng, and B Vitamins. It enhances memory, focus, and attention while supporting overall brain health by maintaining healthy levels of protective neurotransmitters and ensuring a balanced neuronal growth and neuroprotection. This supplement is essential for anyone looking to fuel brain energy, support neurotransmitter balance, and promote healthy aging.
Ashwagandha KSM-66: Ashwagandha KSM-66 is a premier adaptogen that enhances mental and physical wellness by modulating stress responses and supporting overall homeostasis. It significantly reduces stress and anxiety, improves sleep quality, and boosts memory and cognition. Additionally, it enhances energy levels and physical performance, making it an excellent choice for those looking to increase endurance and manage daily stressors effectively. This supplement also acts as a potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent, bolstering the immune system and promoting long-term health.
Critical findings on NAD+
NAD+ is an essential molecule for life that primarily acts as a “coenzyme”: a cofactor for enzymes in oxidation-reduction (redox) reactions, facilitating the transfer of hydrogen atoms. This transfer is crucial in enabling cells to adapt to changes such as DNA damage, daily rhythm disruptions, infections, inflammation, exposure to foreign chemicals and one of the most important: nutrient availability and the production of ATP, the cell's main energy currency, essential for proper functioning of all cells in the body.
Interestingly, NAD+ has been identified as a key link connecting oxidative stress, inflammation, caloric restriction, exercise, DNA repair, longevity, and overall health span (1). Maintaining optimal NAD+ levels is thus vital for supporting metabolic health. This is highly relevant in modern societies, where lifestyle factors such as poor dietary habits, chronic stress, sedentarism, lack of sunlight or high exposure to chemicals contribute to an increasing prevalence of impaired metabolic health (2, 3).
Metabolic dysfunction is a root cause of chronic inflammation, which over time can lead to the development of autoimmune diseases—conditions that are increasing at an alarming rate each year (4, 5).
Why is NAD+ considered a hallmark of aging?
Although NAD+ research is dated since the early 1900s, NAD+ has gained a lot of interest in the recent years as it has been identified as a hallmark of aging.
NAD+ levels consistently decline with age due to decreased NAD+ synthesis and increased consumption, driven by NAD+’s increasing demand in essential cellular oxidation-reduction reactions (6). Importantly, NAD+ levels have also been shown to be decreased through overnutrition, alcohol consumption, viral infection and a sedentary lifestyle in clinical and preclinical studies (6,7). Decreased NAD+ levels lead to metabolic alterations and increased disease susceptibility, such as cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer.
Interestingly, studies showed that restoring NAD+ levels in old or diseased animals promoted health and extended lifespan (1). The discovery of NAD+’s crucial role in aging and metabolic health has prompted further research in humans and uncovered its therapeutic potential, driving the growth of a substantial market for NAD-boosting molecules, which have clinically shown promising results in slowing down age-related processes and increasing the body’s resilience to many autoimmune diseases such as Parkinson’s or multiple sclerosis, thereby extending healthy human lifespan (6).
What are NAD+’s main functions in the body?
NAD+ acts in many critical processes in our body (6, 8, 9), including:
Cellular energy production: NAD+ collects hydrogen atoms during glycolysis (breakdown of sugar), fatty acid breakdown, and the subsequent tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle - occurring in the mitochondria – which forms NADH. NADH then donates these hydrogens to produce ATP (the cell's main energy currency) through mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Additionally, NAD+ supports mitochondrial biogenesis, the process of forming new mitochondria, which is critical for energy production and metabolism.
Sirtuin activity and 24-hour daily rhythm cycle (circadian rhythm): NAD+ plays a crucial role in regulating the body's circadian rhythm by directly affecting the transcription of clock genes via enzymes, such as sirtuins (SIRT1/6). Sirtuins act as intracellular NAD+ sensors and have been described to help modulate the circadian clock, influencing metabolism, sleep, and overall health.
DNA repair: NAD+ is essential for activating enzymes known as PARPs (poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases), which are involved in repairing damaged DNA. This function helps maintain genomic stability and prevents the accumulation of DNA damage that contributes to aging and disease development.
How is NAD+ synthesised and regulated?
NAD+ is one of the most common metabolites in the human body and it is in a homeostatic status of biosynthesis, consumption, recycling and degradation at both cellular and systemic levels (Figure 1) (6).
(In agreed, similar figure with information below pending to be generated)
Figure 1. Mammalian cells can synthesize NAD+ de novo from tryptophan by the kynurenine pathway or from NA by the Preiss‐Handler pathway, while most NAD+ is recycled via salvage pathways from nicotinamide (NAM), NA, NR and NMN to maintain the cellular NAD+ levels. NAD+ can be reduced into NADH in the metabolic processes, including glycolysis, fatty acid oxidation and the TCA cycle. As a co-substrate important to various post-synthesis modifications of fundamental macromolecules, NAD+ can be cleaved (“degraded”) by NAD+-consuming enzymes including: PARPs, sirtuins, CD38 and SARM1, to generate NAM and ADP-ribose. The precursor NR is imported by ENTs and transformed to NMN by NRK (6).
Non-pharmacologic strategies to increase NAD+ bioavailability
Intracellular NAD+ levels can be increased naturally by adopting a series of lifestyle habits, which serve as effective preventive measures to slow the aging process. Thus far, research has shown that NAD+ can be increased by energy stress, including caloric and glucose restriction, as well as exercise (6, 10).
Caloric restriction: Caloric restriction has been shown to help counteract age-related declines in circadian rhythm – the body’s 24-hour cycle – by improving circadian control of NAD+ metabolism and enhancing NAD+/SIRT1-related epigenetic changes. Both long-term and short-term caloric restriction have been shown to reduce artery stiffness and improve endothelial function. Additionally, another study reported that caloric restriction raised NAD+ levels and protected the brain against aging and disease by reducing oxidative stress and cellular damage.
Exercise: Exercise has gained attention for its ability to potentially boost NAD+ levels and SIRT1 activity, by increasing NAMPT. Regular training significantly raises NAMPT protein in the muscles as a way to respond to energy stress, as seen in a study with non-obese sedentary adults.
Boosting NAD+ as a Therapeutic Strategy
NAD+ depletion is a key feature of aging and age-related disorders. Increasing NAD+ levels can slow aging and combat diseases, promoting a longer, healthier life. Therapeutically, NAD+ can be boosted through dietary supplementation of NAD+ precursors such as Trp, NA, NMN and NR, or by inhibition NAD+-consuming enzymes (e.g., PARP1, CD38) (6).
NAD+ precursors, especially the soluble and orally bioavailable molecules NR, NAM, and Niacin, have shown therapeutic potential in human clinical trials. In particular, NR has become one of the most popular options given the high amount of beneficial clinical results in many different NAD+ related diseases (see our article about NR for more detail).
MNM has also been shown to be rapidly absorbed and converted to NAD+ in organs like muscle, liver, and kidney, but its cellular transport mechanisms remain unclear. In addition, MNM has significantly less clinical studies than NR and the other NAD+ precursors and has shown some risks. A study showed that NMN-induced inflammation promoted the development of pancreatic cancer, highlighting the need for long-term safety studies of NMN NAD+ boosters (6, 11, 12).
Conclusions
NAD+ levels regulate many critical processes, including cellular energy balance, genomic stability, metabolism, stress responses, circadian rhythm, inflammation, redox homeostasis and mitochondrial balance. NAD+ levels consistently decline with age, as well as through modern lifestyle poor habits such as overnutrition, alcohol consumption, viral infection and a sedentary lifestyle. Decreased NAD+ levels lead to metabolic alterations and increased prevalence of chronic inflammation leading to autoimmune diseases.
Boosting NAD+ through lifestyle changes such as exercise or caloric restriction can offer a non-pharmacological way to promote healthy aging by improving resilience and extending healthy lifespan. Clinically approved NAD+ pharmacological boosters, NR being the most studied, are uncovering a broad spectrum of health benefits in both healthy and diseased humans, particularly in NAD+ deficiency related pathologies such as aging-related neurodegenerative disorders, cancer, metabolic diseases, acute injury, infection and overall aging.
Nicotinamide riboside (NR) is a safe and effective way to boost NAD+ levels, which is a key factor in anti-aging. NAD+ levels decline naturally with age, and this decline is linked to a number of age-related diseases.
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Our ambassadors in the health and science space share the same standards we do — evidence-based, rigorous, and uncompromising on quality. They choose Nullure because they know exactly what goes into every capsule — and why.
Gisela Jiménez
Biomedical Researcher & PhD · Gut & Mitochondrial Health Specialist
I have a sensitive gut and a history of digestive issues, so I am careful about what I put into my body. Since using Nullure's Vitamin D3 + K2, Saffron and Skin Collagen, I've noticed real improvements — better gut health, a calmer nervous system, improved sleep, more energy and fewer hormonal PMS symptoms.
Valentina Henríquez
Ultra Endurance Athlete · First Chilean Woman to Run 500 km Solo
Running, lifting, eating plants — Nullure fits how I actually live. As a vegan, the Vegan Multi is my non-negotiable daily base. Training for my last 500km race, I stacked Rhodiola for the explosive sessions and long endurance days, and Shilajit morning and night to keep my energy solid through the hardest weeks."
Clàudia Garcia
Registered Dietitian & Yoga Teacher
As a dietitian, Nullure has become the go-to supplement brand for both me and my clients: clean formulas, transparent ingredients, evidence-based doses, and the kind of rigour I expect from everything I recommend professionally.
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